lvhuamiaomuyizhidefuyuguanlibaokuosongtuchucao、paishuiguangai、zhuifei、zhengxingxiujianjibingchonghaifangzhideng。zaibutongdepeiyujieduan,fuyuguanligongzuodezhongdianyousuobutong,xiamianweinijutijiangjiemiaomudefuyuguanligongzuo。
miaomudiyiciyizhihoudefuyuguanligongzuo:
diyiciyizhijieduanmiaomuhaijiaoxiao,peiyudemubiaozhuyaoshicujinmiaomugenxidefayuhexunsuzhanggao,yincifuyuguanligongzuodezhongdianshisongtuchucaohefeishuiguanli。
一、松土除草。由于苗木冠层未郁闭,杂草生长很快,与苗木形成营养竞争,势必影响苗木的生长,因此必须及时松土除草,做到除早、除小、除了。除畦面外,步道和空地的杂草均应除尽。雨后和灌溉后表土微干时应立即松土,深度5~10厘米为宜,注意不得伤苗木的根茎,松土除草后要及时修理步道,泥土复在畦面,整平。
二、肥水管理。绿化苗木的生产相对来说效益较高,从近几年苗木的销售价格来看,胸径8厘米以下的苗木,平均1厘米胸径约10元,树形好、规格8~10厘米以上的苗木的价格更高。由此看出,苗木胸径只要多长1厘米,就起码有10元的增值。因此,在苗场土壤质地优良的情况下,加强肥水管理,促进苗木茁壮生长能够有效地提高经济效益。
施肥应注意基肥与追肥相结合,基肥可在移植时放入种植坑穴内,或在每年秋冬季节施放;追肥主要用复合肥,在生长季节进行撒施或穴施,全面追肥每年至少3次,有条件的情况下可以在生长季节的每次发芽前及新叶转绿后各追一次肥,苗木生长更快。每年最后一次追肥在进入秋冬季苗木停止生长前一个月完成。以便苗木能及时木质化。施肥应与灌水相结合,以便能发挥施肥的效力。
miaomudierciyizhihoudefuyuguanligongzuo:
dierciyizhijieduan,miaomuyijibenshangdadaolvhuayongmiaodeguigeyaoqiu,peiyudemubiaozhuyaoshishimiaomujuyoumijidegenxiheyidingdeganxingheguanxingdewubingchonghaidejianzhuangdemiaomu。yincifuyuguanligongzuodezhongdianshifeishuiguanli、bingchonghaifangzhihexiujian。
一、病虫害防治。
bingchonghaidefangzhibixuguanche“yufangweizhu,zonghefangzhi”defangzhen,renzhengaohaobingchonghaiyuceyubaohefangzhigongzuo,yipeiyuyouzhi、jiankangdechengshilvhuayongmiao。zhuyaoshizuohaoyixiajidian:①renzhenzuohaoturanghezhongmiaoxiaodugongzuo,zhongmiaoyaojingjianyicainengyong。②jiaqiangtianjianguanli,jianshaobingchonghaidezishengtiaojian,shimiaomujianzhuangshengzhang,zengqiangkangxing。③helimizhi,shidangshujian,gaishantongtoutiaojian,jianshaobingchonghaidefasheng。④fashengbingchonghaiyingjishifangzhi。
二、整形修剪。
1、zhengxingxiujiandeyaoqiu。chengshilvhuamiaomudezhengxingxiujianyiziranshuxingweizhu,zuodaoyinshuzaoxing,shiguan、gaobilishidang,zhucezhifenbuyuncheng,shuganwanzheng,shuguanfengman。
行道树苗在培育过程中,要求树冠完整,树干通直匀称无伤痕,主侧枝分明。分枝点的高度可通过修剪逐渐上移,直到规定的定干高度为止,一般要求2~2.5米。苗木自然高度要求达到4.5~5米,冠/高比一般为1/3~1/2,冠幅要求2.5米以上。
庭园观赏苗木,定干高度低于行道树,一般2米以下,树冠要求丰满,冠/高比一般为1/2~2/3,冠幅2.5米以上,也可培育成多干型或曲干型。针叶树种苗木,应培育成全冠型或低干型,要养好主尖。一般不宜多修剪。
zhidezhuyideshi,zaishuganpeiyuguochengzhong,dangmiaomuweidadaoyudingdeguigeyaoqiushi,fenzhidiandegaodubuyiyibuxiujiandaowei,yinweixiujiantaiqianghuixueruoshushi,yingxiangshengzhang。tongshidingganxiujianyaoqiuzaishushizhuangwangshizhujianjinxing,shangkoucairongyiyuhe,bimianyinzhengzhizaishuganshangliuxiashanghen。
2、zhengxingxiujiandeshiqi。yibanxiumianqiyizhengxingweizhu,xiujianliangkeshaozhongxie。shengzhangqiyidiaozhengshushiweizhu,xiujianliangyiqing。duiyuyouxiaodemiaomu,chuyizhixiujianwai,buguanshixiumianqihaishishengzhangqi,yibanjinliangbuyaoxiujian,yimianxueruoshushi;yizhibujiushushirengjiaoruodemiaomuyibandoubuyixiujian;shengzhangmandeshumiaoyebuyizhongjian。