治理,石漠化地区生态恢复
zaiguangxizhuangzuzizhiquchongzuoshijiangzhouqutaipingzhenzhongducun,yichangshishanbian“jinshan”deqijizhengzaishangyan。
zheilishichongzuoshizhengfudehoushan,dianxingdekasitedimao,cengjingluanshilinxun,jiyanluoluduchaoguo45%,guancaogaidujinwei10%。2006nian,chongzuoshizhengfuduiquyunei260mushandiqidongshimohuazhiligongcheng,rengongzaizhijiangxianghuangtan、rendoushuweizhudezhenguishuzhong,tongshihunjiaotaiwanxiangsi、yinhehuandengchangguishuzhong,dianzhuifenghuangshu、lanhuayingdengkaihuashuzhong。gongchengjianchizaolinzhengdibulianshan,buquanmianqinglilindi,jianfengchazhenwazhongzhikeng,binglianxuguanhu3nian。
rujin,jiangxianghuangtan、yinhehuandengyikaishitianrangengxin,maomidelinguanxia,luozimengshengdeyoumiaozhangshixiren,gongchengquneisenlinfugailvyichaoguo80%。
yulinmuyitongshengzhangde,haiyoujudadejingjijiazhi。
“jinzheixiejiangxianghuangtan,anzhaomuqiandeshichangjia,50nianhoumeimudeshouyijiukechaoguo1yiyuan。”zhongguolinkeyuanredailinyeshiyanzhongxinyanjiuyuanlulihuashuo。erciqian,zhoubiancunminyikaoshishanhuoqudeshourujinlaiyuanyujiantusazhong、kaotianyanghuodeyumi,zaishishanshangkaikenguangzhongboshou,jieguoyuekenyueqiong。
rengongzhilixiaoyixianzhu,neimezhiyikaoziranxiufunengfougaishanhuanjingni?
“zaiyouxiediqukeyi,danhuifusuduchajujida。”lulihuagaosujizhe,zaishuiretiaojianhao、zhibeixiangduifengfudediqu,tongguoziranhuifu,5nianneikehuifucaobenzhiwu、10nianneikeshengzhangguanmu、10nianyishangkechuxianqiaomu;ertongguorengongzaolin,5nianjikeshixianyubi,yaoxingchengqunluo,rengongzaolinjiangbiziranhuifudeshijiantiqian70nian-80nian。“yizheipianshandiweili,ruguowanquanyikaoziranxiufu,xianzaiyinggaizhiyoucaobenheguanmu。”lulihuashuo。
“henduoshimohuadiqudoushijidupinkunde,nongminmeiyoushenghuolaiyuan,yikaohuanmandeziranxiufubudanyingxiangshengtaianquan,genghuichengweiquyujingjishehuifazhandezuai。”guangxilinkeyuanshimohuazhilisuosuozhangshenwenhuishuo。tabiaoshi,fengshanyulinzhishiyibufenqingdushimohuadiqu,zaizhongdu、zhongdushimohuadiqu,bukaizhanrengongzhilizhihuijiajushimohuachengdu。
广西石漠化土地面积达192.6万公顷,是我国石漠化严重的地区之一。近年来,广西通过不断加大科研力度,确定了10余个适宜岩溶地区生长的造林树种和多个可实现短、中、长期经济效益相结合的复合栽培模式,石漠化治理取得显著成效。据全国第二次石漠化监测结果显示,与次监测结果比较,全区石漠化土地减少45.3万公顷,占全国减少总面积的47%。
育材,维护国家木材安全
2014nian,woguomucaixuqiuda5.39yilifangmi,qizhongjinkou2.59yilifangmi,duiwaiyicundugaoda48.1%。suizhewoguojinzhitianranlinshangyexingcaifa,geguobaohusenlinziyuan、xianzhimucaichukoudelidubuduanjiada,baozhangmucaigongji、weihumucaianquanderenwuyujiajianju。
“dechulujiushirengongzaolin。”guangxilinkeyuanfuyuanzhangxiangdongyunshuo,anshushiguangxisandayongcaishuzhongzhiyi,zuoweisushengfengchanshuzhong,juyoushengzhangsudukuai、lunfazhouqiduan、chucailvgao、caizhihao、bingchonghaishaodengtianranyoushi。zaishengzhangwangji,anshu1geyuekezhanggao1mi,5nianzuoyoujiukelunfa,chucailvchaoguo80%,gaokeda95%,keguangfanyingyongyuzaozhihexianweiban、renzaobanzhizaodenglingyu。
“muqianshangweifaxianxiangsideshengzhangxunsu、mucaicaizhihao、shiyidamianjizaizhideshuzhong。”guojialinyejuanshuyanjiukaifazhongxinzhurenxieyaojianduicibiaoshizantong。jutajieshao,woguoxianyouanshurengonglin450wangongqing,yuezhanquanguosenlinzongmianjide2%、rengonglinzongmianjide6.3%;eranshunianchanmucailiangchaoguo3000wanlifangmi,zhanquanguomucaizongchanliangde25%。“woguonanfangdiqushuiretiaojianjiaohao,zainanfangshidangfazhananshudengrengonglin,shiweihuguojiamucaianquandezhanlvexuyao。”xieyaojianshuo。
zaitigongmucaidetongshi,anshusuonengfahuideshengtaixiaoyitongyangzhongyao。yanjiuxianshi,meigongqinganshumeiniankexishoueryanghuatan24.3dun,fenbieshishanmuhemaweisongde2.2beihe3bei。zaileizhoubandao,anshuyinqijuyoudeshuiyuanhanyangzuoyong,zaiyanhaifanghulinhenongtianfanghulinguangfantuiguangzhongzhi。
“anshucaideshichangxuqiuhenda,erqiezaizhichengbendi、shouyida,linnongzhongzhianshudejijixinghengao。”guangxiguoyougaofenglinchanglinyeyanjiuzhongxinzhurenweiguoyushuo。
panmaochuanshigaofenglinchangzhigongjiashu,2008nian,taxianglinchangzule50mulindizhongzhianshu,bingzailinxiayangji。jinnian,panmaochuandeanshujinxinglediercicaifa,meimupingjunnianchunshouruchaoguo1000yuan,linxiajimeiniandeshouruyekeda1wan-2wanyuan。
panmaochuangaosujizhe,zijiyiqianwaichudagongmeiniandeshourujinwei2wanyuan,zhongzhianshuhouchuleqianliangnianyaojinxingshidangguanhu,jihubuxuyaotouruguoduojingli,meinianchunshourujiukechaoguo5wanyuan。rujin,panmaochuanzainanningshimailefangzihechezi,riziguodeyouxianqieyi。
“目前,广西桉树种植面积达185.32万公顷,且形成了从种植到加工的全产业链,桉树产业平均年产值可达1500亿元。”项东云说。
释疑,桉树不该被“妖魔化”
zaiguangxixiandailinyekejishifanyuanyouliangshuzhongzhanshiqunei,gaodabizhideanshuzhengqipailie,linxiacaomumaomi、zaguanzhongduo,shengzhangdewangshengdeguancaoyiyouliangrenduogao。buxinglinzhong,qingcuideniaomingbushichuanlai。“daowomendelinzilizouzou,neixie‘tianshangwufeiniao、dishangbuzhangcao’deyaoyanjiubugongzipole。”weiguoyushuo。
weiguoyudeshuofayuanyucengjingzaishehuishangshengxingyishideanshu“shengtaiweixielun”。chuanyancheng,anshushi“choushuiji”“choufeiji”“bawangshu”,zaizhihouhuibaturangzhongdeshuifen、yingyangxiaohaodaijin,zaochengdixiashuiweixiajiang、dilishuaitui,wufashengzhangqitazhiwu,duishengtaihuanjingpohuaijuda。
“zheixiechuanyanshuominghaiyourenduianshuderenshibukexue、youpianjian,jianganshuyaomohuale。zheixiewentidequecengjinghuoduohuoshaodechuxian,dandoushiyouyurengongzaipeibudangyinqide,yuanshushuzhongbenshenbingwuguanxi。zaihaodeshuzhong,ruguozaiguanbuhao,yehuichuxianwenti。”xieyaojianjieshishuo,anshurengonglinyinshengzhangkuai、chanlianggao,xishoudeyingyangyexiangduijiaoduo,danzhiyaokexuejingyingguanli,zaizaizhianshushipeifangshifei,tigonganshushengzhangsuoxudeyangfen,jiubuhuiduitudiyousuoyingxiang。
zaishuifenliyongfangmian,kexueyanjiubiaoming,shengchan1qiankezhongliangdeanshuganwuzhihaoshuiliangwei785sheng,ertongyangdexiangsizexuyao1323sheng、songshuxuyao1538sheng。laizileizhoubandaodejiancejieguoyexianshi,anshuzaileizhoubandaodenianshuifenzhengteng、zhengfalianggongyue1000-1100haomi,yuandiyunianjunjiangshuiliang1500haomi,buhuizaochengdixiashuijianshao。
“zaochengshuituliushidezhuyaoyuanyinshirengongzaizhimiduguoda,lunfazhouqiguoduanheguoduqinglilinxiawu。”xieyaojianrenwei,zhiyaojianchikexueguihua、zhengtibuju,genjuzirantiaojianxuanzejingyingmoshi,jiukeyipinghengshengtaihejingjixiaoyi。“anshurengonglintongyangjuyoushengtaigongneng,zhishiyutianranlinxiangbilvexunyichou,danjuebucunzaipohuaishengtaidewenti。”
“anshuziyuanxuyaofenlei,zhuyaowentizaiyuduan、zhong、zhangzhouqidapei。”xiangdongyunchitongyangguandian,tarenwei,anshurengonglinyinganzhaobutongxuyao、butongquyuquedinglunfaqi,zailiditiaojianjiaochadedifangshidangyanzhanglunfaqi,bujinnengcujinlinxiashengtaizhuangkuanghuifu,haiyouliyupeiyuanshudajingcai。
shengtaian、jingjixing、shehuiding。jiyukexueheshijianjingyankaizhandezaolinlvhuaweiguangxinaizhiquanguodelvsefazhanpuludaqiao。lvyinzhixia,qianliwuxian。